Electronic Warfare Effect Aggregation

Overview
Electronic Attack Effect Coherency
  Effect Coherency Types
  Jamming Power Types
EW Effects Interaction Variables
  Jamming Effects Variable Structure
  Signal Effects Variable Structure
  Track Effects Variable Structure
  Message Effects Variable Structure
Aggregation Types

Overview

The Electronic Warfare (EW) effects in WSF include Electronic_Attack_Effects & Electronic_Protect_Effects that are applied during a transmitter-receiver or transmitter-target-receiver interaction as defined by this effects behavior in software and user modifiable inputs. During this interaction, the interaction data for the EW are applied by applying the unmitigated Electronic Attack (EA) effect then applying any mitigating Electronic Protect (EP) effects to the Electronic Attack effect. This process is repeated until all EA effects on all techniques are applied along with mitigating EP effects and aggregated into a single data set that is used to modify the interaction between the transmitter-receiver or transmitter-target-receiver. The aggregation of this EW effects is defined below for more insight into how WSF is applying these effects.

Electronic Attack Effect Coherency

Jamming power within an interaction calculation is calculated using general WSF Electromagnetic calculations. Each EA effect possesses one or more of the coherency type on the individual effect. As the effects are applied the types of effect coherencies encountered are summed and at the end of all the EW effects calculations the jamming power is divided into three types of jamming power (non-coherent, non-coherent-pulse, coherent) based on the EA effects coherencies encountered during the application of the effects. The coherency types available are defined in the table below along with the jamming power type it is summed into.

Effect Coherency Types

Effect Coherency Types	Description	Jamming Power Type
None	Coherency not specified for the given effect. Assumes Non-Coherent	Noise
Non-Coherent	Waveform is non-coherent with the transmit and/or expected receive waveform. Assumes continuous noise type waveform in most basic sense.	Noise
Non-Coherent Pulse	Waveform is pulsed and is non-coherent with the transmit and/or expected receive waveform. Assumes pulsed noise type waveform in most basic sense.	Pulse Noise
Coherent	Waveform is coherent with the transmit and/or expected receive waveform. Assumed to be closely representing the signal in most basic sense.	Coherent
Coherent-Pulse	Waveform is pulse and is coherent with the transmit and/or expected receive waveform. Assumed to be closely representing the pulsed signal in most basic sense	Coherent

Jamming Power Types

Jamming Power Type	Description	Mapped Effect Coherency Type(s)
Noise	Jamming induced power that acts like noise power to a receiver.	None & Non-Coherent
Pulsed-Noise	Pulse jamming power that acts like noise to a receiver.	Non-Coherent Pulse
Coherent	Coherent (continuous and/or pulsed)jamming power that acts like a signal to a receiver.	Coherent & Coherent Pulse

Within most interactions the signal-to-interference (S/I) ratio is calculated using the signal power divided by the noise power + clutter power + jammer power. The jammer power used for the interference is the noise + pulse (non-coherent) jammer power.

EW Effects Interaction Variables

The following EW effects variable structure is defined for each of the three types of jamming power as well as a separate signal, track and message effect structures. The following tables summarize these two structures and associated variables:

Jamming Effects Variable Structure

Power Effect Variable	Description	Aggregation Type(s)	Default/Undefined Value	Modifying Effect(s)
Blanking Factor	Jamming blanking factor (e.g., sidelobe blanker)	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_SLB_EFFECT
Cancellation Factor	Jamming cancellation factor (e.g., sidelobe canceler)	Minimum	1.0	WSF_SLC_EFFECT, WSF_SLC_DEGRADE_EFFECT
Modulation Factor	Jamming processing/modulation type factor, not to physical jamming power factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_POWER_EFFECT
Jamming power Factor	Jamming physical power factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_POWER_EFFECT, WSF_COVER_PULSE_EFFECT
J/X Factor	Alternate jamming processing/modulation type that has a Jamming- to-Signal/Noise dependency.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_POWER_EFFECT
Target Protection Flag	Flag to specify whether or not jamming power will be allowed to interact with the receiver for a given target or not.	Undefined Boolean	undefined	electronic_warfare_effect
Pulse Suppression Factor	Pulse type jamming suppression factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_PULSE_SUPPRESS_EFFECT
Radius Factor	Factor that evaluates the position of the target wrt jammer location to apply a user input factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_RADIUS_EFFECT
Repeater Jamming Factor	Physical jamming power factor dependent upon repeater behavior defined.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_REPEATER_EFFECT
RPJ Factor	Random pulse jamming factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_RPJ_EFFECT

Signal Effects Variable Structure

Signal Effect Variable	Description	Aggregation Type(s)	Default/Undefined Value	Modifying Effect(s)
Signal Power Factor	Signal power factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_POWER_EFFECT
Receiver Noise Power Factor	Receiver noise power factor.	Multiplicative	1.0	WSF_POWER_EFFECT

Track Effects Variable Structure

Track Effect Variable	Description	Aggregation Type(s)	Default/Undefined Value	Modifying Effect(s)
Azimuth Error	Track azimuth error.	Maximum (EA) / Minimum (EP)	0.0	WSF_TRACK_EFFECT
Elevation Error	Track elevation error.	Maximum (EA) / Minimum (EP)	0.0	WSF_TRACK_EFFECT
Range Error	Track range error.	Maximum (EA) / Minimum (EP)	0.0	WSF_TRACK_EFFECT
Velocity Error	Track velocity error.	Maximum (EA) / Minimum (EP)	0.0	WSF_TRACK_EFFECT
Track Drop/Maintain Flag	Track drop/maintain flag	Undefined Boolean	undefined	WSF_TRACK_EFFECT, WSF_SLB_EFFECT (target blanking)

Message Effects Variable Structure

Track Effect Variable	Description	Aggregation Type(s)	Default/Undefined Value	Modifying Effect(s)
Bit Error Rate (BER)	BER for communications device to use.	Maximum (EA) / Minimum (EP)	0.0	WSF_COMM_EFFECT
Message Drop/Maintain Flag	Message drop/maintain flag	Undefined Boolean	undefined	WSF_COMM_EFFECT

Aggregation Types

The aggregation types given in the table below are used to aggregate (i.e., roll-up) the individual EW effect values into the interaction value to be used by the interaction to apply any EW related effects to the target detection, tracking process and/or message as applicable. All aggregation is done in standard units (i.e., multiplication is the same as addition in dB space.)

Aggregation Type	Description
Maximum	The maximum of the interaction value and current effect value being applied is taken and used as the interaction value.
Minimum	The minimum of the interaction value and current effect value being applied is taken and used as the interaction value.
Additive	The addition of the interaction value and current effect value being applied is used as the interaction value.
Multiplicative	The multiplied product of the interaction value and current effect value being applied is used as the interaction value.
Boolean	A true/false (i.e., two-state) flag that can be toggled based on the current value and logging of the effect.
Undefined Boolean	Similar to the Boolean aggregation type, except an undefined state along with the true/false (i.e., three-state) is available as a value. This type can be toggled from undefined (its most common default state) to true/false (i.e., defined) and toggled between the three states thereafter based on the current value and logic of the effect.

EW Interaction Flowchart